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Spelling

Spotting and correcting spelling errors, understanding common spelling rules and tricky words.

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What is Spelling?

Spelling questions in the 11+ test your knowledge of common spelling rules, tricky words and homophones (words that sound the same but are spelled differently). You may be asked to identify the correctly spelled word, spot errors in a passage, or complete a word with missing letters.

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Step-by-Step Method

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Learn the key spelling rules

i before e except after c (receive, believe). Drop the e before adding -ing (make/making). Double the consonant after a short vowel (run/running).

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Know your homophones

their/there/they’re, too/to/two, where/wear/were, its/it’s, your/you’re, hear/here, piece/peace.

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Learn common tricky words

necessary, separate, definitely, because, accommodate, embarrass, immediately, beginning, occurred.

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Use mnemonics

Create memory aids: “because – Big Elephants Can Always Understand Small Elephants”.

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Check by writing the word out

If it looks wrong, it probably is. Try writing it a different way and see which looks right.

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Worked Examples

Example 1 – Spot the Error

Which word is spelled incorrectly: “The children were definately excited about the trip.”

Working

  1. Check each word carefully.
  2. “definately” looks wrong. The correct spelling is “definitely”.
  3. Remember: “definitely” has “finite” in the middle.
Answer: “definately” should be “definitely”
Example 2 – Doubling Rule

Add -ing to “swim”.

Working

  1. Swim has a short vowel (i) followed by a single consonant (m).
  2. Double the consonant before adding -ing.
Answer: swimming (double the m)
Example 3 – Homophones

Choose the correct word: “The dog wagged (its/it’s) tail.”

Working

  1. “its” = belonging to it (possessive).
  2. “it’s” = it is (contraction).
  3. Here we mean the tail belonging to the dog.
Answer: “its” (no apostrophe – possessive form)
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Common Mistakes

Common error

Confusing homophones, especially their/there/they’re and its/it’s.

Correct approach

their = belonging to them, there = a place, they’re = they are. its = belonging to it, it’s = it is.

Common error

Forgetting to double consonants when adding suffixes (e.g. writing “runing” instead of “running”).

Correct approach

Short vowel + single consonant = double it before adding -ing, -ed, -er.

Common error

Spelling words as they sound (e.g. “seperate” instead of “separate”).

Correct approach

Many English words are not spelled as they sound. Learn the tricky ones by heart.

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Top Tips

  • Read widely – the more you see words spelled correctly, the easier it becomes to spot errors.
  • Keep a personal list of words you find tricky and practise them regularly.
  • Break long words into syllables: Wed-nes-day, Feb-ru-ary, gov-ern-ment.
  • Use the “look, cover, write, check” method to learn spellings.

Ready to practise?

Put these techniques into action with our free practice papers.

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